Aperture: is the size of the hole in the lens which combined with the shutter speed, controls how much light gets into the camera.
Aperture mode / Aperture Priority: (AV) the mode that automatically calculates the shutter speed when you choose the aperture you want to use.
Camera shake: is when the camera moves as you press the button, causing the image to be blurred.
Close-up / Macro: means close-up photography and is great to photographs of flowers, bugs, shells and other tiny objects.
Composition: arranging objects in the photographs that look pleasing. Also see Rule of Thirds.
Contrast: is the difference between the bright and the dark areas of the photo. High contrast image will show very dark and very light areas in the same photograph.
Normal Image (balanced contrast):
High Contrast Image:
Low Contrast Image:
Cropping: Cutting of the edges of your image, either by moving in closer to the subject or trimming the edges using photo editing software.
Uncropped Image:
Cropped Image:
Depth of field (DOF): shows the range of components in a scene, front to back that remain sharp. Shallow depth of field makes the objects sharp in the foreground only. Deep DOF makes everything in the image sharp from foreground to the background.
The image below is photographed using Shallow depth of field, using f5.6
The image below is photographed using Deep depth of field, using f16
Exposure: is the amount of light that is allowed to hit the camera sensor. Too much light results in Overexposed images, whereas too little light results in Underexposure of the image.
Correct Exposure:
Under Exposed Image:
Over Exposed Image:
